Key Points

  • Adderall is a brand name for the generic ADHD medication dextroamphetamine-amphetamine.
  • Adderall, like ritalin, is used to treat attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and narcolepsy.
  • As a central nervous stimulant, Adderall is known to cause cardiovascular effects like increased blood pressure.
  • Some individuals with high blood pressure should not take Adderall and should instead opt for a non-stimulant formula for treatment.
  • Anyone with pre-existing hypertension or heart disease should notify a physician before taking Adderall, as it may worsen these conditions.
  • Hypertension caused by Adderall should subside after discontinuing use.

Adderall XR (extended release) can lead to various short-term and long-term health effects. When taken as directed, these effects tend to be minimal.[1] However, using excessive doses significantly raises the risk of negative side effects, including dangerously elevated blood pressure.[2] Due to the increased blood pressure risk, individuals with certain heart-related conditions may want to avoid taking Adderall.

This guide outlines how Adderall works, specifies individuals who should avoid it, and examines its impact on blood pressure.

What is Adderall?

Adderall is a prescription stimulant primarily prescribed to individuals with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).[3] However, individuals with the sleep disorder narcolepsy can also benefit from its use.

This medication is made from a combination of two stimulants: amphetamine and dextroamphetamine.[3] These stimulants affect chemicals in the central nervous system that contribute to hyperactivity and impulsivity.

Who Needs Adderall?

Adderall is a lifesaver for individuals with uncontrolled attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder. It provides essential relief, allowing them to focus on tasks for longer periods while decreasing their impulsivity and hyperactivity. Without appropriate treatment, many of these individuals face challenges in their academic and professional lives and find it difficult to maintain healthy relationships due to their impulsive and inattentive tendencies.

How Does Adderall Work in People with ADHD?

Individuals with ADHD experience lower dopamine levels than the average person.[4] This neurotransmitter is typically released during rewarding activities, providing a sense of exhilaration. However, those with ADHD do not experience this rush, leading them to continually pursue it.

Adderall works by increasing levels of three feel-good hormones: dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin.[5] This takes the user’s brain from a state of agitation and disarray to a normal state of stimulation.

What Are the Side Effects of Adderall?

There are several side effects associated with taking the prescription drug Adderall.[6]

Common side effects include:

  • Changes in appetite: Some individuals may have a decreased appetite when taking Adderall, resulting in weight loss.
  • Difficulty sleeping: Adderall is known to cause sleep issues, such as difficulty falling or staying asleep.

Other potential side effects include:

  • Headache
  • Dry mouth
  • Digestive issues, such as constipation or diarrhea
  • Fast heartbeat
  • Dizziness
  • Anxiety
  • Nervousness
  • Agitation

Less common side effects include:

  • Nausea or vomiting
  • Increased blood pressure
  • Increased agitation
  • Increase nervousness
  • Urinary tract infections
  • Lack of energy

Rare but serious side effects include:

  • Worsening high blood pressure
  • Worsening heart problems
  • Shortness of breath
  • Increased risk of seizures
  • Painful erection(may last for several hours)
  • Stunted growth in children and teens

Many of the side effects will dissipate gradually after discontinuing Adderall use. However, a number of long-term side effects are associated with its misuse.

They include:[7]

  • Physical and psychological dependence
  • Elevated risk of psychosis
  • Increased risk of heart problems, including a heart attack

Is High Blood Pressure a Side Effect of Adderall?

Is High Blood Pressure a Side Effects of Adderall

According to the National Institute of Health, stimulants increase respiration, heart rate, and blood pressure.[8] However, this rise in blood pressure is not significant enough to justify the use of high blood pressure medication.

Individuals with normal blood pressure will not develop high blood pressure from taking Adderall, although they may test on the higher side of normal. Individuals with pre-existing hypertension may need medication to treat their high blood pressure before taking Adderall.

Note: This medication may not be suitable for individuals with uncontrolled hypertension. Hypertension is defined as a systolic pressure exceeding 130 and a diastolic pressure exceeding 80.[9]

Can Individuals with High Blood Pressure Take Adderall?

Adderall constricts blood vessels, leading to higher-than-usual blood pressure.[10] This can exacerbate existing hypertension, increasing the risk of cardiovascular events. Therefore, some individuals with high blood pressure shouldn’t take Adderall. If you have hypertension or a pre-existing heart condition, it may be best to use a non-stimulant treatment for ADHD, such as Strattera or Intuniv.[11]

When to Contact Your Physician about Adderall and High Blood Pressure

If you currently have high blood pressure and experience any of the following symptoms while taking Adderall, contact your physician right away:[6]

  • Worsening blood pressure readings
  • Unexplained stiffness or muscle spasms
  • Severe chest pain
  • Difficulty breathing
  • Fainting or loss of consciousness
  • Severe head pain
  • Blurred vision
  • Numbness or weakness in the extremities
  • Difficulty falling asleep or staying asleep

Note: It’s important to keep track of your blood pressure while on Adderall, especially those who have a previous diagnosis of hypertension. 

What if I Can’t Stop Taking Adderall Despite it Affecting My Blood Pressure?

If you are currently taking Adderall, it is important to consult your physician before stopping your prescription. Sudden discontinuation can result in serious withdrawal symptoms.[12] Instead, work with your physician to gradually taper your doses or consider switching to another medication.

If you are taking more Adderall than prescribed, despite it causing health concerns, you may have an addiction.

Signs of Adderall addiction include:[13]

  • Needing higher doses to “feel” its effects
  • “Faking” worsening symptoms to obtain more Adderall
  • Stealing to purchase Adderall pills off the street
  • Experiencing withdrawal symptoms after quitting
  • Continuing to use Adderall despite negative consequences
  • Craving Adderall or thinking of using it often

If you’ve experienced any of the above signs, it’s essential to work with someone to help you overcome your addiction. Continuing to abuse stimulant drugs like Adderall can lead to permanent health complications and an increased risk of bodily injury.[14]

At Southeast Addiction Center GA, we are dedicated to supporting you on your healing journey. We offer a variety of science-backed treatment programs designed to help you uncover the root causes of your addiction and identify your triggers. Our evidence-based methods are focused on empowering you to overcome these challenges.

No matter where you are in your recovery, we are here to assist you every step of the way. Remember, there is hope and help available for your recovery.

Contact us today for a no-obligation consultation with one of our caring specialists. Remember, you don’t have to fight Adderall addiction alone. Let us work together to help you reclaim the life you deserve.